Use the verb or phrase in parentheses to rewrite each sentence a different way using the subjunctive.

1. You must take this medication every day to get rid of the infection. (it is essential)

It is essential that you take this medication every day to get rid of the infection.

2. Supporters of organic farming say farmers should not use pesticides on their crops. (suggest)

Supporters of organic farming suggest that farmers not use pesticides on their crops.

3. My mother tells people to take off their shoes before they enter our house. (insist)

My mother insists that people take off their shoes before they enter our house.

4. When I have a dinner party, I tell each guest to bring an appetizer or a dessert. (ask)

When I have a dinner party, I ask that each guest bring an appetizer or a dessert.

5. If you want to conserve water, you should not leave the water running when you brush your teeth. (it is important)

If you want to conserve water, it is important that you don't leave the water running when you brush your teeth.

6. The viewers wanted the TV station to broadcast the program again. (request)

The viewers requested that the TV station broadcast the program again.

EXPANSION Units 4–6

1. Language Review

A. Circle for or to to complete each sentence.

1. He bought a gift (for / to) each contestant.
2. Then he gave a gift (for / to) each contestant at the end of the episode.
3. Could you lower the thermostat (for / to) me?
4. Could you also hand the phone (for / to) me?
5. Our teacher pronounced the word (for / to) us.
6. Then she gave the worksheet (for / to) us.

B. Change the position of the indirect object in each sentence. Add for or to.

1. My friend told me a great joke.

My friend told a great joke to me.

2. The boy wrote his mother a poem.

The boy wrote a poem for his mother.

3. My grandfather’s neighbour buys him groceries whenever he is sick.

My grandfather’s neighbour buys groceries for him whenever he is sick.

4. The prosperous old woman gave the charity a fortune.

The prosperous old woman gave a fortune to the charity.

5. My parents threw me a dinner banquet when I graduated.

My parents threw a dinner for me when I graduated.

C. Use the verb or phrase in parentheses to rewrite each sentence a different way using the subjunctive.

1. You must take this medication every day to get rid of the infection. (it is essential)

It is essential that you take this medication every day to get rid of the infection.

2. Supporters of organic farming say farmers should not use pesticides on their crops. (suggest)

Supporters of organic farming suggest that farmers not use pesticides on their crops.

3. My mother tells people to take off their shoes before they enter our house. (insist)

My mother insists that people take off their shoes before they enter our house.

4. When I have a dinner party, I tell each guest to bring an appetizer or a dessert. (ask)

When I have a dinner party, I ask that each guest bring an appetizer or a dessert.

5. If you want to conserve water, you should not leave the water running when you brush your teeth. (it is important)

If you want to conserve water, it is important that you don't leave the water running when you brush your teeth.

6. The viewers wanted the TV station to broadcast the program again. (request)

The viewers requested that the TV station broadcast the program again.

D. Write a sentence that each person might say to the other using I’d like you + infinitive or I want you + infinitive.

1. a dentist to a patient I want you to brush your teeth daily and twice a day.
2. a therapist to a client I want you to take this prescription for your sore throat.
3. a lawyer to a witness I want you to tell what you saw exactly.
4. a manager to a salesperson I want you to prepare a report door the amount and the quantities of sales.
5. a father to a teenage son I want you to help your mother with the dishes.
6. a photographer to a person being photographed I'd like you to take a photo for me from that side, please.

E. Circle the correct verb forms. Sometimes both the gerund and the infinitive forms are correct.

1. We enjoy (watching / to watch) silly game shows.
2. Did you agree (helping / to help) her plan the dinner?
3. After working for the company for 8 years, he’s finally decided (getting / to get) a different job.
4. The gardener is going to quit (using / to use) pesticides on his vegetables.
5. I’m only planning (staying / to stay) here for an hour or two.
6. I avoid (buying / to buy) products that have a lot of packaging.
7. When did you start (noticing / to notice) the symptoms?
8. My supermarket just stopped (using / to use) plastic bags.
9. After winning the grand prize in racing, he needed (learning / to learn) to relax and take it easy.
10. I keep (having / to have) a dream about taking an exam that I’m not prepared for!

2. Reading

After Reading

A. Complete the sentences with one of these words:

1. The dove represents peace to many people.
2. She was in mourning after her friend died.
3. She has a tendency to talk too loudly when she’s on her cell phone.
4. The colours in this painting are so vibrant that it hurts my eyes.
5. I love the tranquillity of the park in the early morning.
6. After a while, the students learned to associate Wednesday with exams.

3. Language Plus

A. Complete each sentence with an idiom shown.
Be sure to put each idiom in the correct tense.

1. The thief was caught red-handed with his hand still in the businessman’s jacket pocket.
2. Look at my garden. No matter how hard I try, nothing grows. I guess I don’t have a green thumb.
3. When I found out that my sister had taken my cell phone without my permission and then lost it, I saw red.
4. When our grandparents came to visit, we took them to all the best restaurants in town. We really rolled out the red carpet.
5. I passed the test in every subject with flying colours.
6. He has my dream job. I was green with envy when he first told me about it.